接受孔形状对预旋供气系统内气流流动影响研究

为对比不同形状接受孔的预旋系统内气流流动特性,通过数值模拟方法,对带有不同形状接受孔的预旋系统进行了研究。研究发现:收缩型接受孔入口截面气流流通面积较大,相对速度较小,在预旋系统中的性能最优,其次是类梯型,最后是直孔型。同一旋转雷诺数下,带收缩型接受孔的预旋系统无量纲温降较直孔型提高5.8%,总压损失系数降低3.0%。三种类型接受孔的预旋系统无量纲温降和总压损失系数均随进出口压比的增加而增大,在相同压比下,收缩型接受孔预旋系统无量纲温降最大,总压损失系数最小。     

推力室状态对其声学振型及其阻尼特性的影响

为确定工程中冷态条件下获得的推力室声学特性能否表征真实条件下的声学特性,研究了冷态无流动、热态气相流动和湍流两相燃烧三种状态下推力室声学振型及其阻尼特性。在推力室稳态流场中的有限区域施加数值定容弹,激发其具有多模态声学振型的大幅值压力振荡,采用衰减时间和半带宽来定量评价所激发的不同声学振型压力振荡衰减快慢,进而获得其阻尼特性。在相同过载比的数值定容弹激励下,在冷态条件下能激发包含更多声学振型压力振荡,且该振荡衰减时间更长,相同振型压力振荡衰减比热态条件下慢。在冷态条件下,一阶切向振型振幅最大,为最容易被激发声学振型;一阶纵向振型半带宽最小,为最难衰减的振型。在热态条件下,一阶纵向振型为最容易激发声学振型,也为最难衰减声学振型。从所激发的主要振型及其相对衰减的快慢来看,冷态条件下获得的声学特性能够表征真实条件下的推力室的声学特征。     

激光加工气膜孔对定向凝固高温合金薄壁持久性能的影响

采用定向凝固无余量精铸工艺制造的接近于空心涡轮叶片形状和壁厚的管状薄壁（δ＝１．２ｍｍ）试样，研究了激光加工孔对定向凝固高温合金薄壁持久性能的影响。结果表明，在９００℃／３７０ＭＰａ下，与没有孔的薄壁试样相比，有一排孔的试样持久性能没有明显降低，有两排孔的试样持久寿命略有下降。显微分析表明，激光加工孔对组织没有明显的影响，只是稍微减小了承载面积，而且只有在出现两排激光孔时才有所表现。     

Experimental investigation and correlation development of jet impingement heat transfer with two rows of aligned jet holes on an internal surface of a wing leading edge

Extensive experimental studies on the heat transfer characteristics of two rows of aligned jet holes impinging on a concave surface in a wing leading edge were conducted, where50000 Rej 90000, 1.74 H/d 27.5, 66° a 90°, and 13.2 r/d 42.03. The finding was that the heat transfer performance at the jet-impingement stagnation point with two rows of aligned jet holes was the same as that with a single row of jet holes or the middle row of three-row configurations when the circumferential angle of the two jet holes was larger than 30°. The attenuation coefficient distribution of the jet impingement heat transfer in the chordwise direction was so complicated that two zones were divided for a better analysis. It indicated that: the attenuation coefficient curve in the jet impingement zone exhibited an approximate upside-down bell shape with double peaks and a single valley; the attenuation coefficient curve in the non-jet impingement zone was like a half-bell shape, which was similar to that with three rows of aligned jet holes; the factors,including Rej, H/d and r/d, affected the attenuation coefficient value at the valley significantly.When r/d was increased from 30.75 to 42.03, the attenuation rates of attenuation coefficient increased only by 1.8%. Consequently, experimental data-based correlation equations of the Nusselt number for the heat transfer at the jet-impingement stagnation point and the distributionof the attenuation coefficient in the chordwise direction were acquired, which play an important role in designing the wing leading edge anti-icing system with two rows of aligned jet holes.     

扩展型面排孔气膜冷却的实验研究

本文设计了三种型面的气膜孔扩展结构，研究了气膜冷却效率、壁面换热系数及流量系数随吹风比的变化规律。研究结果表明，与典型的圆柱形气膜孔相比，有后向扩展型面的气膜孔具有相对较高的冷却效率和换热系数，流量系数略有降低。扩展型面的流向扩展角α对冷却效率和换热系数的影响大于侧向扩展角 的影响。侧向扩展角 只在特定吹风比下才对提高气膜的侧向覆盖率、进而提高气膜冷却效率起作用，它使得位于二次流出流下游的低压区域范围增大，流量系数减小。     

平方阻尼在非线性缓冲系统中的作用

本文讨论平方阻尼(以参数a表征)在图(1)所示的缓冲系统中的作用,结果表明:平方阻尼对于降低相对位移峰值d_m总有良好的效果,但不一定降低加速度峰值a_m。在一定速度冲击V下,系统的平方阻尼有两种最佳值,使a_m最小的a_(am)和使缓冲效率γ最高的a_(cm),而平方阻尼最佳条件依赖于系统的缓冲弹簧的刚度变化类型: (1)线性弹簧情况:a_(am)=a_(cm),最佳条件为系统在首程中均匀减速; (2)渐硬弹簧情况:a_(am)=a_(cm),最佳条件为系统在首程中初始和终末加速度相等即; aV~2=ω_0~2q(dm) (3)渐软弹簧情况:a_(cm)>a_(am)。 本文的基础是所谓“首程显峰”,假定即系统在速度冲击V下的响应峰值d_m和a_m出现在第一行程中。当平方阻尼值不太小,缓冲弹簧刚度特性接近反对称时,该假定成立。     

Flutter analysis of an airfoil with nonlinear damping using equivalent linearization

The equivalent linearization method （ELM） is modified to investigate the nonlinear flut- ter system of an airfoil with a cubic damping. After obtaining the linearization quantity of the cubic nonlinearity by the ELM, an equivalent system can be deduced and then investigated by linear flut- ter analysis methods. Different from the routine procedures of the ELM, the frequency rather than the amplitude of limit cycle oscillation （LCO） is chosen as an active increment to produce bifurca- tion charts. Numerical examples show that this modification makes the ELM much more efficient. Meanwhile, the LCOs obtained by the ELM are in good agreement with numerical solutions. The nonlinear damping can delay the occurrence of secondary bifurcation. On the other hand, it has marginal influence on bifurcation characteristics or LCOs.     

硅微陀螺平板结构的压膜阻尼研究

压膜阻尼对硅微陀螺的精度具有重要影响。平板结构是硅微陀螺中一种典型结构,本文通过对雷诺方程的推导,得出平板在正弦规律小振幅刚性运动时的阻尼力解析式,并给出低频时阻尼系数的近似算法。利用Matlab和CoventorWare软件对运动平板的阻尼进行仿真计算,得出运动平板的阻尼系数和刚度系数,并分析平板参数对阻尼系数及刚度系数的影响。建立不同类型的带孔平板模型,通过比较可以看出,当阻尼孔按一定方式排列时,可以降低结构的阻尼。     

不锈钢管板小群孔加工技术

分析了不锈钢管板加工的难点,介绍了机床和钻头的选择及优化切削参数,获得较好的技术经济效果.     

基于起落架参数设计的某直升机地面共振及参数影响分析

建立了某直升机地面共振分析力学模型,计算了起落架在桨毂中心处的等效刚度和阻尼,针对某直升机进行了地面共振分析,同时分析了摆振铰外伸量、质量静距、桨毂中心有效刚度等对地面共振的影响,为避免地面共振及参数改进提供依据。